Preparing the published article.
What Makes Up a Robot Arm
Base to end effector: the main components of an industrial robot.
Main components
Base and body, servo motors and gearboxes per axis, arm links, controller and drives, cabling and air lines, end effector and tooling.
What wears first
Gearboxes, cabling and bearings are the most common wear and replacement items; confirm spare availability and replacement intervals when selecting.
Practice
Record the brand and model of key components in the equipment list to make later comparison and maintenance easier.