Preparing the published article.
Vision-Guided Picking: 2D, 3D and Hybrid
The right sensor depends on how much variation you must absorb.
Compare the options
| Option | Handles | Typical limit |
|---|---|---|
| 2D vision | Part presence, position in plane and code reading | Little tolerance for height or orientation |
| 3D point cloud | Position and orientation in space | Reflective or transparent surfaces can be difficult |
| Hybrid 2D plus 3D | Both identification and 3D pose | More integration and calibration effort |
| Fixed versus robot-mounted | Field of view and reach | Mounting affects accuracy and cycle time |
Integration notes
- Calibrate the hand and eye relationship whenever the tooling changes.
- Plan for lighting, which decides whether the system works in practice.
- Define the behaviour for unrecognised or ambiguous parts.
Vision performance is strongly dependent on lighting and part presentation. Test with real parts.